As corrosion occurs and metal dissolves on the inside wall of a tank or pipe, atomic hydrogen is formed. This atomic hydrogen migrates through the metal and can lead to catastrophic failure of the tank or pipe in the following ways:
Hydrogen Embrittlement
Hydrogen Embrittlement is the term commonly given to the presence or absorption of atomic hydrogen in steel and other metals which renders the metal brittle. This can lead to cracking, blistering and weakening of the metal.
Hydrogen Induced Cracking (HIC) and Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC)
The above terms refer to metallurgical failures that are closely associated with the formation and migration of atomic hydrogen through steel. In most cases this cracking is caused by the collection of hydrogen along the grain boundaries or inclusions of the metal. These are costly defects and often require the vessel to be taken out of service and/or replaced as cracking of this type can lead to catastrophic failure.
Hydrogen Blistering
Blistering is another example of a type of failure closely associated with atomic hydrogen migration. Blistering is caused by the collection of hydrogen in the metal, usually along inclusions. The hydrogen may be generated by either (a) corrosion on the internal surface, or (b) in high pressure, high temperature service. Again, these are costly defects, usually requiring repair or replacement of the damaged component.
How Can the Enviroline Hydrogen Monitoring System Help?
The Enviroline Hydrogen Monitoring System is designed to detect atomic hydrogen levels from the moment of their formation in a tank or pipe. Data from this continuous monitoring is sent via satellite to the Enviroline website and is charted to provide a visual representation of the migration and corrosion activity. This instant access to corrosion data enables operators to evaluate more effectively and efficiently their corrosion control programs, and implement changes and repairs well before the above corrosive effects can cause a failure.
